The difference and connection between vane pump and piston pump


Although both vane pumps and piston pumps are fluid machinery, there are significant differences in their working principles and structural characteristics. A piston pump relies on the reciprocating motion of the piston within the cylinder to transport fluid, while a vane pump utilizes rotating blades to generate centrifugal force within the pump body to transport fluid. Therefore, piston pumps and vane pumps are not the same type of pump. Piston pumps and vane pumps are common fluid conveying equipment, each with unique working principles and structural characteristics. Below, we will provide a detailed analysis of the differences and connections between these two types of pumps.

A、 The working principle and structural characteristics of vane pumps A vane pump is mainly composed of a pump body, rotor, blades, and distribution plate. During operation, the rotor drives the blades to rotate inside the pump body, forming a sealed volume with the inner wall of the pump body and the distribution plate. As the rotor rotates, the sealing volume continuously changes, thereby achieving the suction and discharge of liquid. Vane pumps have the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight, and uniform flow rate, and are suitable for conveying low viscosity and clean liquids.

B、 Working principle and structural characteristics of piston pump A piston pump is mainly composed of a pump body, piston, inlet and outlet valves, etc. During operation, the piston moves back and forth within the pump body, adjusting the volume of the pump body to suction and discharge liquid. Piston pumps have the advantages of stable flow rate, small pressure pulsation, and strong self-priming ability, and are suitable for conveying media with high viscosity and solid particles.

C、 Application scenarios of piston pumps and vane pumps Piston pumps are suitable for transporting media with high viscosity and solid particles, such as crude oil, asphalt, mud, etc. It has a wide range of applications in industries such as petroleum, chemical, and environmental protection. Blade pumps are suitable for transporting low viscosity, clean liquids such as lubricating oil, water, ammonia water, etc. It has a wide range of applications in industries such as machinery, metallurgy, and power. In summary, although piston pumps and vane pumps are both fluid machinery, there are significant differences in their working principles and structural characteristics. In practical applications, the appropriate pump type should be selected based on the properties of the conveying medium and the usage scenario.

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