Several materials of piston in piston pump

As a common fluid conveying equipment, the material selection of the core component of the plunger pump directly affects the performance and service life of the pump. There are three common materials for plunger pumps: metal, ceramic, and plastic. Metal plungers have high strength and good wear resistance, but they are relatively heavy; Ceramic plungers are corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant, but fragile; Plastic plungers are lightweight and cost-effective, but their wear resistance and high temperature resistance are relatively poor. Below, we will provide a detailed introduction to several main materials and their characteristics of piston pumps.
A、 Ceramic plunger Ceramic plungers have attracted attention for their excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. Ceramic materials have the characteristics of high hardness, high density, and low thermal expansion coefficient, which enable ceramic plungers to maintain good working performance in high temperature and corrosive environments. But the disadvantages of ceramic plungers are also very obvious, that is, they are brittle and easily shattered by impact.

B、 Metal plunger Metal plunger is the most common type of plunger pump, mainly made of high-strength metal materials such as stainless steel and aluminum alloy. The advantages of this type of plunger lie in its high strength and excellent wear resistance, which can withstand significant pressure and friction, making it suitable for high-pressure and high load working environments. However, the weight of the metal plunger is relatively large, which may increase the energy consumption and noise of the pump.

C、 Plastic plunger Compared to metal and ceramic plungers, plastic plungers have the advantages of light weight and low cost. Plastic plungers are usually made of engineering plastics such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which have good self-lubricating and corrosion-resistant properties. However, the wear resistance and high temperature resistance of plastic plungers are relatively poor, and performance degradation may occur in high load or high temperature environments. In summary, the material selection of the plunger of the plunger pump should be based on specific application scenarios and requirements. Under high-pressure and high load conditions, metal plungers are a more suitable choice; In corrosive or high-temperature environments, ceramic plungers may be more suitable; For light load and low-cost application scenarios, plastic plungers are an economical choice. When selecting plunger materials, factors such as the overall design, working conditions, and maintenance costs of the plunger pump should also be considered comprehensively.

The above: Introduction to raw materials for the production of hydraulic high-pressure piston pumps